In 2013, Sheridan began work on the series, having recently grown tired of acting and switching to screenwriting. Having lived in the rural parts of states such as Texas and Wyoming, Sheridan set the series in Montana and set the first scripts inLivingston. Sheridan initially pitched the series toHBO, but the network declined. The series follows the Dutton family, owners of the largest ranch in Montana, the Yellowstone Dutton Ranch, commonly called "the Yellowstone". The plot revolves around family drama at the ranch and the bordering Broken Rock Indian Reservation,Yellowstone National Park, and developers. In May 2017, Paramount Network announced that it had greenlit its first scripted series,Yellowstone. Paramount issued a series order for a first season consisting of ten episodes. The series was set to be written, directed and executive-produced by Sheridan.
A prequel series titled1883(2021–2022) was announced following a five-year deal signed by Sheridan withViacomCBSand MTV Entertainment Group. The series focuses on a generation of the Dutton family during theOld Westas they undertake the arduous journey across the country before settling the land that would become the Yellowstone Ranch. A second prequel series titled1923(2022–present) focuses on an intervening generation of the Dutton Family during the time ofWestern Expansion,Prohibition, and theGreat Depression. A third plannedspin-offtitledLawmen: Bass Reevesis in development and will focus on the life of thetitular character. A fourth planned spin-off titled6666is also in development and is set in the present day on theFour Sixes Ranchin Texas. A further fifth spin-off titled1944was confirmed by Paramount in early 2023.